Botulinum toxin is secreted from anaerobic bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. By blocking neurotransmitters in the nerve endings (particularly acethylcholine), botox causes paralysis in muscles that cause dynamic wrinkles. Today, we use botox injections not only for muscle contractions, but for a much wider range of purposes, including hyperhidrosis, chronic migraines, wrinkle removal, calf contouring, and square jaw reduction.